Chronological chart.



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AUNITED STATES PATENT onirica.

l BERNHARD VOLKMAR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GHRONOLOGICAL CHART.

T o all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, BERNHARD VOLKMAR, a citizen of the United States,residing at the borough of Bronx, city, county, and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ChronologicalCharts, of which the following is a specification, reference being hadtherein to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

My invention relates to chronological charts, and more particularly to atype thereof which has movable parts which may be adjusted relative toeach other so as to bring the days, months, and years indicated on saidseparate parts into any desired position relative to each other.

Heretofore various devices known as perpetual calendars have beendevised, Whereby on which day of the week the first day of a month orweek comes may be located, and a calendar for `the entire week or monthpresented to the user by an adjustment locating and indicating said dayof the month and of the week. It is not my intention, however, in thisdevice, to provide a perpetual calendar of this character.

The main object of my invention is to provide a chronological chartcontaining thereon a sequence of years, the numbers of the days of themonth, and the days of the week, so associated and so adjustable, thatby the mere adjustment of the parts containing such data, the particularday of the week upon which any date of preceding or succeeding yearsfell, may be determined accurately, and indicated precisely, without thenecessity for any computation whatever'.

lt is the further object of the invention to provide a device of thischaracter which will contain no complicated or expensive mechanisms, andwhich may therefore be produced sufficiently inexpensively to adapt itto use as an advertising medium for gratuitous circulation assupplements to papers.

rFhe invention consists primarily in the combination of a plurality ofsuperimposed disks adapted to be pivotally connected, having indicatedthereon respectively a sequence of years, and the days of the month, thedays of the week, and' the calendar months, said disk containing thedays of the week having an indeX finger, and said disk containin themonths of the year having an opening tierein and having thereon meanswhereby each month may be brought into Specification of Letters Patent.

AppIication filed October 18, 1907.

Patented March'l, 1909.

Serial No. 397,956.

j register with any day of any month indicated on said first mentioneddisk g and in such other novel features of construction and combinationof parts as are hereinafter set forth, and described, and moreparticularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

Referring to the drawings Figure l is a plan view ofthe assembleddevice, Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line .22 of Fig. l; Fig. 3 isa plan view of the disk containing the years and the days of the month;Fig. 4 is a plan view of the disk containing the months of the year, andFig. 5 is a plan view of the disk containing the days of the week, andthe index iinger.

Like letters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

In the embodiment of my invention, shown in the drawings, the deviceconsists of three superimposed disks a, b, and c, adapted to rest oneupon the other, and to be pivotally connected centrally thereof so as torotate about a common axis, relative to each other; an arrangement whichaiiords simplicity of structure and such compactness as to permit thedevice to be produced inexpensively, and to avoid its being gotten outof order through repeated use. rlhis arrangement is also necessary topermit the parts to be adjusted relative to each other in a manner tocarry forward the purposes of the invention.

The disk a has near its outer edge a plurality of concentric circles d,e, f, indicated thereon, and a plurality of radial lines g partitioningthe spaces between the said circles into a plurality of distinguishablepanels or spaces. In the spaces so formed, the years are arranged insequence from right to left, the number of spaces thus provided beingsuch that those years in which the days ofthe week in each month are thesame, are contained in the same column, between the same radial lines g.

To accommodate the device to the changes in the weekly calendar fromyear to year, due to a leap year, the numerals indicating leap years arerepeated, and some means are employed to distinguish the first numeralof the leap year from the second, as by a variance in the coloring ofthe panel or space containing the first numeral of the repeated numeralsof any year. Arranged within the circle f between the radial lines g andin sequence, are the numbers of the days of the month. In the drawingsthese numbers are shown as extending from left to right but such anarrangement isnot essential, it being merely necessary that they shouldextend in the same direction as the days of the week contained on thedial l). t will be observed that 31 days are numbered on this disk, andthere are four Vacant spaces between the numerals 31 and l, which arenot required for the purpose of this chart. It will thus be seen thatthe year numerals and month numerals are fixed relative to each other,and are in part alined in radial columns.

Mounted on the disk a so as to be above the space within the daynumerals, is a disk b of smaller diameter than the disk a, which isprovided with a finger 7L adapted to project across any space for theday numerals and clearly indicate any column of year numerals. This diskl) has printed or otherwise indicated thereon a plurality of concentriccircles i divided into a plurality of panels or spaces by radial lines/c coincident with the lines g, and within said panels or spaces Iindicate the days of the week arranged in sequence, and extending fromleft to right, or in the same direction as the days of the month on thedisk a. l

Mounted on the disk is the disk c which is of the same diameter as the'disk l) so as to entirely conceal the indicated days of the week exceptthrough a small opening m extending therethrough. This opening coincidesin dimensions with each of the spaces or panels formed by the lines 0l,y', 7c and is adapted to register therewith. Printed or otherwiseindicated on this disk, and arranged in sequence from right to left, orinversely to the arrangement of the days of the month and of the week onthe other two disks, are the months of the year. Lines n separate theperiphery of said disk into a plurality of panels or spaces, and eachsaid panel or space is provided with an index line or lines 0 tofacilitate the proper positioning of the disk in the manner and for thepurpose hereinafter described. These panels or spaces are not, however,disposed at equal distance apart, being spaced with relation to the dayof the week exposed when the disks are so positioned as to designate onwhich day of any month any day therein occurs.

The various disks are superimposed as shown and described to permit themto be conveniently and quickly manipulated or shifted relative to eachother, and any dek scribed means, as the eyelet and washers p may beapplied centrally thereof, to permit the disks to be severally rotated.

The operation of the herein described chart is substantially as followsIn order to more clearly understand this mode of operation, it must beunderstood that in various professions and businesses, it is de sirableto ascertain on what day of the week a certain date, past or future,occurred or will occur, such information being particularly valuable tobanking houses, and to attorneys in preparing casies, and to commercialhouses in anticipating on what day commercial paper is due. In no senseis the device designed for use for giving general information as acalendar and this construction and inode of operation is not such as toadapt it for this purpose. It will be observed by reference to thecolumn of figures that under ordinary conditions the same day of eachmonth will occur on the same day of the week once in every twentyeightyears the exception being found in the drav.- ings when the year 1900was not a leap year. To determine exactly on what day of the week anydate occurred, it is merely necessary to rotate the disk Z) until theindex finger 7L indicates the column of figures contained within thespaces or panels formed by the lines d, @,j, and g. If the day desiredto be determined is during the months of J anuary or February, of a leapyear, the index finger should be caused to register with those spaceswherein the numbers of the year are indicated, as being leap years, bydifferent coloring or otherwise, and if on a leap year, after the monthof February with the repeated number of that year. When the disk Z) isso positioned, the disk c is rotated until the lines 0 of any particularmonth are brought into register with the day of the month about whichinformation is desired, the disk Z) being held in the positionindicating the year as heretofore described. /Vhen the disks are sopositioned, the opening m will be directly above one of the spaces orpanels formed by the lines i, y', fr, which space or panel will containthe day of theweek upon which the date indicated by the three disksfalls. To better illustrate this mode of operation reference is had toFig. 1 of the drawing wherein it was desired to determine on what day ofthe week the 21st day of February 1872 fell. It will be observed that inthis view the finger 7L points directly to the column containing theyear 1872 wherein it is indicated that this year was a leap year, andthat the index lines o lead to the number 21, it will be observed thatwhen the disks are in this position, the word Wednesday appears throughthe opening m indicating that the 21st day of February 1872 was aWednesday. If, however, it were desired to indicate on what day of theweek the 31st day of Gctober 1872 fell, it would be necessary to rotatethe disk b to the left one space, where the number of the year 1872 isre eated, thus indicating that the 31st day of Oct. 1872 fell not on aWednesday, but on a Thursday. Vhatever day may be selected, it will befound that the chart works with invariable accuracy and that its scopeis limited only to the desired size of the chart. It will be observedthat when the disks are positioned as described, no computation isrequired, nor is it necessary to consult any specific tables or chartsto determine how to locate the disks for information as to anyparticular date or year. It will also be observed that the year and theapproximate day of the month, and the day4 of the week being known, theexact day of the month may be ascertained by locating the disk Z) toindicate the year, and turning the disk c until the day of the week is'exposed, when the exact day of the month will be indicated by the lines0. As an example, if it be desired toknow what the second issue day forLetters Patent during October, 1877, was, it is merely necessary toindicate the year 1877 with the index finger 7L and turn the disk cuntil it reaches some day of the month about the middle. Then by turningslowly forward, it will be found that the second Tuesday of October1877, fell on the ninth.

The construction and arrangement of the various disks and the manner ofpresenting the data thereon not only insures a compactness making theoperation of the device convenient, and insuring accuracy, but is suchas to' leave ample space for printing` directions for using oradvertising matter thereon. It is also such that the various disks maybe so printed separately as to adapt the device to use in what is nowgenerally known as cut out supplements to papers, magazines and otherpublications.

IIaving described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to haveprotected by Letters Patent, is zd 1. As a new article of manufacture, achronological chart comprising a plurality of superimposed diskspivotally connected, having indicated thereon respectively a sequence ofyears, and the days ofthe month, the days of the week and the calendarmonths, means `whereby said disk containing the days of the week may beaccurately positioned relative to any indicated year, means whereby saiddisk containing the months may be accurately positioned relative to anyindicated day of the month, and means exposing a day of the weekappearing on one of said disks.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a chronological chart, comprising aplurality of superimposed disks pivotally connected, having indicatedthereon respectively a sequence of years, and days of the month, thedays of the week, and the calendar months, said disk containing the daysof the week having an index finger and being of a diameter to expose thesequence of years and the days of the month, and said disk containingthe months of the year being of a diameter to conceal the days of theweek and having an opening therein so disposed as to expose a single dayof the week therethrough, and also having thereon indicating meanswhereby each month may be brought into register with any day of anymonth indicated on said first mentioned disk.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a chronological chart comprisingthree disks superimposed one upon the other, the bottom disk being oflarger diameter than the second, the said bottom disk having arrangedthere on in concentric circles an indicated sequence of years, thenumbers indicating leap years being once re eated, said numbers beingarranged in co umns so as to indicate those years on which the same dayof the week occurs on the same date, and also having arranged insequence the days of the month, the middle disk having indicated thereonin sequence the days of the week and arranged in circles repeated so asto equal the number of columns of years and an index finger on the topdisk having indicated thereon the months of the year and having anopening therein of the same radius as the circle of the days of the weekand indicated lines whereby each month of the year may be caused toregister with any day of the month, said two last mentioned disks beingof a diameter which will expose the numerals on said irst mentioneddisk.

In witness whereof I have hereunto aPxed my signature this 14th day ofOct., 1907, in the presence of two witnesses.

' BERNHARD VOLKMAR.

Vitnesses:

T. T. WENTWORTH, GEORGE lNIcCAY.

